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The engine is the part that makes up the brain of motor vehicles. The working principle of each of the motors operating in different energy forms also differs. That's why there are different engine types.
What is Engine?
A motor is a machine that converts a form of energy into mechanical energy. It is the main part that enables the vehicle to move.
What are the Engine Types?
Engines are classified according to many factors. These are:
- Where the Fuel is Burned
- Fuel Type
- By Number of Time
- By Number of Cylinders
- Ignition Type
- Type of Cooling
- By Cylinder Order
Where the Fuel is Burned
It is divided into two types. These are:
External combustion engine: Fuel is burned outside the engine. Steam engine, steam turbine and stirling engine are included in this group.
Internal combustion engine: Fuel is burned inside the engine. Fuels such as gasoline, diesel and hydrogen are used during combustion, which takes place in the form of explosion with different ignition systems.
Types of Engines According to Fuel Burned
Types of engines according to the fuel burned ,
Gasoline engine: Gasoline engines use spark plugs to ignite before the fuel and air mixture enters the combustion chamber. It can be produced in various layouts such as in-line, V-type or boxer type.
Diesel engine: Diesel engines use compression method to burn the fuel and air mixture, instead of sparking ignition like gasoline engines. For this reason, they are produced in a more durable way to withstand the extreme pressure that occurs during combustion.
Engine Types According to Timing System
This type of engine comes in two different types. These,
Two Stroke: The rollers move twice in one power stroke. In the first movement, suction and compression are performed, and in the second movement, combustion and exhaust are carried out.
Four-stroke: In four-stroke engines, the pistons move in the cylinders four times in one power stroke, two up and two down.
By Number of Cylinders
Engine types according to the number of cylinders are as follows:
Two-cylinder engine: Used only in small-capacity engines.
Three-cylinder engine: Usually found in small car engines. It is used with turbo engines in order to obtain sufficient power by keeping the fuel efficiency at the maximum level.
Four-cylinder engine: The most common number of cylinders among automobile engines.
Five-cylinder engine: The extremely rare five-cylinder engine variants produce a distinctively distinctive sound when firing.
Six-cylinder engine: Most high-end vehicles have a six-cylinder engine.
Types of engines by ignition type
Engines by ignition type are as follows:
Compression ignition engine: This type of engine does not have a spark plug in the cylinder head. The ignition process is provided by the heat of high pressure air.
Spark ignition engine: A part called spark plug is used to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber. Gasoline is generally used as fuel in spark-ignition engines.
Engine Types According to Cooling System
The engines according to the cooling system are as follows:
Air-cooled: Air-cooled engines use atmospheric pressure to prevent overheating.
Water-cooled: The temperature in water-cooled engines is reduced by water circulation. They operate more quietly and at higher performance than air-cooled motors.
By cylinder order
Engines according to cylinder order,
Inline (straight) engine : The most common cylinder arrangement. Since the cylinders in this type of engines are arranged side by side on the same plane, they are known as lighter, less costly and fuel-efficient engines.
V type: It is a type of motor that eliminates the balance problem by minimizing vibration.
Boxer type : In this type of engine, the cylinders are located in opposite positions. Therefore, although they have a perfect balance, they do not offer an efficient performance in fuel consumption compared to others.
W type: This cylinder arrangement is used in powerful engines with high performance.
