en 
tr 
Water is the most basic element necessary for the continuation of life, but the world has been facing the danger of drought for a long time. According to studies, drought is one of the most important problems experienced. Because the decrease in water and the onset of drought means not being able to leave a livable world to future generations.
What is Drought?
Drought refers to water scarcity caused by an imbalance in the amount of moisture in a region. It can occur at any time or place. Because it is a natural climatic phenomenon. But it usually happens gradually. For this reason, there is usually a certain amount of time before the necessary measures can be taken.
The long-term average of the balance between oil and evaporation in the region is taken into consideration in the calculations of drought caused by the decrease or imbalance of precipitation. High temperature, low humidity, and high winds are among other variables.
It is quite wrong to see drought as just a natural phenomenon. Because the dependence of people and their activities on water resources is also among the causes of drought.
What are the Drought Types?
In general, there are three types of drought:
- Agricultural drought
- Meteorological drought
- Hydraulic drought
Agricultural Drought
Plants basically need water to grow. However, the lack of water in the soil to meet the exhausted needs causes agricultural drought. Therefore, it causes slow growth of the plant and loss of product. It is also a threat to animals.
Meteorological Drought
It occurs when precipitation falls below the average in a certain period. Annual, monthly or seasonal precipitation is less than the average.
Hydraulic Drought
Prolonged meteorological drought causes hydraulic drought. Resources, groundwater and soil that do not receive precipitation for a long time are affected by this situation. At the same time, agriculture is adversely affected as the soil loses moisture.
What are the Effects of Drought?
- Drought creates a lack of moisture and causes a decrease in forest and water resources.
- Environmental problems occur.
- Clean water problem occurs. As a result, health problems occur.
- It seriously reduces productivity in agriculture.
- It causes a decrease in food production.
- It causes a decrease in energy resources.
- It has negative effects on the natural habitats of animals.
What are the Causes of Drought?
There are various causes of drought. These reasons are as follows:
- The variation of air pressure, latitude, altitude and geographical structure from region to region
- Affecting or deteriorating the moisture balance
- Emission of toxic gases from industrial chimneys of motor vehicle exhausts to the atmosphere
- Less precipitation
- Increase in temperature and change in humidity balance
- Destruction of natural life
- Pollution of groundwater
- Drying of welds
- Failure to recycle waste water
- Destruction of rain-collecting vegetation
- Harm to nature
- Disposal of industrial wastes into the environment
What are the Ways to Prevent Drought?
Today, the main cause of drought is the damage caused by humans to nature. Therefore, it is in our hands to prevent it!
The things that can be done to prevent drought are listed below.
- Drought should be carefully monitored. At the same time, the results of the measures taken should be monitored.
- Waste of water must be prevented and water resources must be used as needed.
- Recyclable systems should be used to reuse water in industries with high water consumption.
- Dirty water should be treated and reused.
- Wooded areas should be increased. This should increase the humidity in the air.
- Concreting must be strictly prevented.
- In order for water resources to be sustainable, forested and green areas and therefore the natural environment should be protected.
- Water resources management plans should be revealed. These plans should be based on the severity of the drought.
- Innovative devices and methods should be used to save water in industry and irrigation sectors.
- Individual measures to be taken by individuals should be incr
